Oracle學習之RMAN（十五）恢復實戰--TSPITR
TSPITR是英文Tablespace Point In Time Recovery的縮寫。也就是表空間定點時間恢復。TSPITR是一種相對細粒度的不完全恢復技術。我們通常見到的還原操作，都是將所有的表空間和數據還原到相同的一個時間點上。而TSPITR則是以表空間為粒度單元，單獨將某個表空間內容還原到一個特定可恢復時間點上。舉一個例子：一個Oracle數據庫運行在歸檔模式下，在夜間零時保留一份完全備份。早上七點時候，某個特定表空間上數據表（單個表獨占表空間）發生一個誤操作，數據損壞。要求在不傷害其他數據表數據的情況下，將表空間數據恢復到早上六點。這樣部分數據恢復的場景，就是TSPITR的典型應用。
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1. 建立一個表空間
SQL> create tablespace tspitr datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf' size 20M; Tablespace created.
2. 在這個表空間上創建一個表，并插入數據
SQL> conn scott/tiger Connected. SQL> create table t_tspitr_test tablespace tspitr as select * from emp; Table created. SQL> select count(*) from t_tspitr_test; COUNT(*) ---------- 14
3. 對數據庫做一個備份
RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete all input; Starting backup at 2015/07/09 14:40:29 current log archived using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=3 RECID=1 STAMP=884613136 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:30 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:31 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144030_bsw5ty9m_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144030 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/archivelog/2015_07_09/o1_mf_1_3_bsw30j7b_.arc RECID=1 STAMP=884613136 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RECID=2 STAMP=884616029 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:31 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:32 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144030_bsw5tzsf_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144030 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/archivelog/2015_07_09/o1_mf_1_1_bsw5txwl_.arc RECID=2 STAMP=884616029 Finished backup at 2015/07/09 14:40:32 Starting backup at 2015/07/09 14:40:32 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/system01.dbf input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/sysaux01.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/example01.dbf input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/undotbs01.dbf input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:40:33 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:18 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5v1cb_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144032 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:45 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set including current SPFILE in backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:19 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:20 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5ycl2_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144032 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 2015/07/09 14:42:20 Starting backup at 2015/07/09 14:42:20 current log archived using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set input archived log thread=1 sequence=2 RECID=3 STAMP=884616140 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:20 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2015/07/09 14:42:21 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144220_bsw5ydxj_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144220 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s) archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/archivelog/2015_07_09/o1_mf_1_2_bsw5ydp6_.arc RECID=3 STAMP=884616140 Finished backup at 2015/07/09 14:42:21
4. 我們做如下操作
SQL> select sequence#, status,sysdate from v$log; SEQUENCE# STATUS SYSDATE ---------- ---------- ------------------- 1 INACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:56:10 2 INACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:56:10 3 CURRENT 2015/07/09 14:56:10 SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> select sequence#, status,sysdate from v$log; SEQUENCE# STATUS SYSDATE ---------- ---------- ------------------- 4 CURRENT 2015/07/09 14:57:20 2 INACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:57:20 3 ACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:57:20 SQL> insert into scott.t_tspitr_test select * from scott.t_tspitr_test; 14 rows created. SQL> select count(*) from scott.t_tspitr_test; COUNT(*) ---------- 28 SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> select sequence#, status,sysdate from v$log; SEQUENCE# STATUS SYSDATE ---------- ---------- ------------------- 4 ACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:59:11 5 CURRENT 2015/07/09 14:59:11 3 INACTIVE 2015/07/09 14:59:11 SQL>
當恢復到日志編號為3時表中應該有14條數據。
4. 建立輔助恢復目錄
11gdg-> mkdir /backup/aux
6.執行恢復
RMAN> RECOVER TABLESPACE 'TSPITR' UNTIL LOGSEQ 3 AUXILIARY DESTINATION '/backup/aux';
Starting recover at 2015/07/09 15:16:06
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=47 device type=DISK
RMAN-05026: WARNING: presuming following set of tablespaces applies to specified point-in-time
List of tablespaces expected to have UNDO segments
Tablespace SYSTEM
Tablespace UNDOTBS1
Creating automatic instance, with SID='nkvk'
initialization parameters used for automatic instance:
db_name=DEVDB
db_unique_name=nkvk_tspitr_DEVDB
compatible=11.2.0.0.0
db_block_size=8192
db_files=200
sga_target=280M
processes=50
db_create_file_dest=/backup/aux
log_archive_dest_1='location=/backup/aux'
#No auxiliary parameter file used
starting up automatic instance DEVDB
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 292278272 bytes
Fixed Size 2227744 bytes
Variable Size 100663776 bytes
Database Buffers 184549376 bytes
Redo Buffers 4837376 bytes
Automatic instance created
Running TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK on recovery set tablespaces
TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK completed successfully
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until logseq 3 thread 1;
# restore the controlfile
restore clone controlfile;
# mount the controlfile
sql clone 'alter database mount clone database';
# archive current online log
sql 'alter system archive log current';
# avoid unnecessary autobackups for structural changes during TSPITR
sql 'begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end;';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 2015/07/09 15:16:22
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5ycl2_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5ycl2_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144032
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/backup/aux/DEVDB/controlfile/o1_mf_bsw7y759_.ctl
Finished restore at 2015/07/09 15:16:24
sql statement: alter database mount clone database
sql statement: alter system archive log current
sql statement: begin dbms_backup_restore.AutoBackupFlag(FALSE); end;
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until logseq 3 thread 1;
plsql <<<-- tspitr_2
declare
sqlstatement varchar2(512);
offline_not_needed exception;
pragma exception_init(offline_not_needed, -01539);
begin
sqlstatement := 'alter tablespace '|| '"TSPITR"' ||' offline immediate';
krmicd.writeMsg(6162, sqlstatement);
krmicd.execSql(sqlstatement);
exception
when offline_not_needed then
null;
end; >>>;
# set destinations for recovery set and auxiliary set datafiles
set newname for clone datafile 1 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 3 to new;
set newname for clone datafile 2 to new;
set newname for clone tempfile 1 to new;
set newname for datafile 6 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf";
# switch all tempfiles
switch clone tempfile all;
# restore the tablespaces in the recovery set and the auxiliary set
restore clone datafile 1, 3, 2, 6;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter tablespace "TSPITR" offline immediate
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_temp_%u_.tmp in control file
Starting restore at 2015/07/09 15:16:29
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_%u_.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5v1cb_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20150709T144032_bsw5v1cb_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144032
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
Finished restore at 2015/07/09 15:17:34
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=884618255 file name=/backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_bsw7yg0d_.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=884618255 file name=/backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bsw7yg16_.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=884618255 file name=/backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_bsw7yg0j_.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
# set requested point in time
set until logseq 3 thread 1;
# online the datafiles restored or switched
sql clone "alter database datafile 1 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 3 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 2 online";
sql clone "alter database datafile 6 online";
# recover and open resetlogs
recover clone database tablespace "TSPITR", "SYSTEM", "UNDOTBS1", "SYSAUX" delete archivelog;
alter clone database open resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
sql statement: alter database datafile 1 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 3 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 2 online
sql statement: alter database datafile 6 online
Starting recover at 2015/07/09 15:17:35
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=2
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144220_bsw5ydxj_.bkp
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/DEVDB/backupset/2015_07_09/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20150709T144220_bsw5ydxj_.bkp tag=TAG20150709T144220
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/backup/aux/1_2_884613136.dbf thread=1 sequence=2
channel clone_default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/backup/aux/1_2_884613136.dbf RECID=3 STAMP=884618256
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 2015/07/09 15:17:38
database opened
contents of Memory Script:
{
# make read only the tablespace that will be exported
sql clone 'alter tablespace "TSPITR" read only';
# create directory for datapump import
sql "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''
/backup/aux''";
# create directory for datapump export
sql clone "create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''
/backup/aux''";
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter tablespace "TSPITR" read only
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''/backup/aux''
sql statement: create or replace directory TSPITR_DIROBJ_DPDIR as ''/backup/aux''
Performing export of metadata...
EXPDP> Starting "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_nkvk":
EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
EXPDP> Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
EXPDP> Master table "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_nkvk" successfully loaded/unloaded
EXPDP> ******************************************************************************
EXPDP> Dump file set for SYS.TSPITR_EXP_nkvk is:
EXPDP> /backup/aux/tspitr_nkvk_59637.dmp
EXPDP> ******************************************************************************
EXPDP> Datafiles required for transportable tablespace TSPITR:
EXPDP> /u01/app/oracle/oradata/devdb/tspitr01.dbf
EXPDP> Job "SYS"."TSPITR_EXP_nkvk" successfully completed at 15:19:40
Export completed
contents of Memory Script:
{
# shutdown clone before import
shutdown clone immediate
# drop target tablespaces before importing them back
sql 'drop tablespace "TSPITR" including contents keep datafiles';
}
executing Memory Script
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down
sql statement: drop tablespace "TSPITR" including contents keep datafiles
Removing automatic instance
shutting down automatic instance
target database instance not started
Automatic instance removed
auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_temp_bsw80r22_.tmp deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_bsw80n92_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_bsw80m9y_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_bsw80lhs_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_bsw7yg0j_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bsw7yg16_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_bsw7yg0d_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /backup/aux/DEVDB/controlfile/o1_mf_bsw7y759_.ctl deleted
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 07/09/2015 15:20:10
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
RMAN-03009: failure of sql command on default channel at 07/09/2015 15:20:10
RMAN-11003: failure during parse/execution of SQL statement: drop tablespace "TSPITR" including contents keep datafiles
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-00054: resource busy and acquire with NOWAIT specified or timeout expired
RMAN>報錯了~
后面經過試驗，"RECOVER TABLESPACE 'TSPITR' UNTIL LOGSEQ 3 " 的UNTIL LOGSEQ 3并不包括日志3 。應該將恢復語句改成
RECOVER TABLESPACE 'TSPITR' UNTIL LOGSEQ 4 AUXILIARY DESTINATION '/backup/aux';
文章標題：Oracle學習之RMAN（十五）恢復實戰--TSPITR
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